From a technical point of view, the throttle response can be measured by how quickly your engine can create a vacuum in the intake manifold using throttle pressure. The faster and higher the peak vacuum in the intake manifold, the higher the pressure difference between the outside air and your engine. This pressure drop causes air to flow from the high pressure area (outside air) to the low pressure area (engine and cylinders), and the higher the pressure difference, the greater the pressure force and the faster the air flow into the engine.
This, in fact, works the throttle response. To improve the throttle response, several engine changes can be used to achieve a higher peak vacuum in the engine or a faster change in vacuum to the throttle valve input ... some of them include:
1. Using undersized intake pipes and take the guides to increase the flow rate of air in the intake system, which will allow the engine to suck the air out of it faster and create a vacuum faster.
2. Adjust the time of the intake cam to open the intake valve, since a peak vacuum is created inside the cylinder near the bottom dead center.
3. Reduce the total intake system by using smaller manifolds, smaller vacuum lines and more motor-driven (rather than vacuum) engine auxiliary devices, which means that the engine has less air to clear the intake system to create a vacuum to allow new air.
4. Use decoupling cams and cams (while simultaneously opening both intake and exhaust valves) so that the exhaust gases of the previous cycle help pull out fresh gaseous gases to start this burning cycle.
One of the interesting applications of this concept is the G-Power supercharger kit for the BMW M3. The ASA supercharger kit focuses on reaction and efficiency, rather than on surprising peak power. The G-Power kit uses a very conservative supercharger from ASA, giving a peak of only 4.4 pounds per square inch. Since the engine is already very much powered by 420 hp, the addition of only 4.4 pounds per square meter. An inch improves performance over 500 hp. (as a conservative estimate) and up to 560 hp as a result of this combination.
The focus of the G-Power kit is not just power, but instead of simply providing a blower kit for the M3, G-Power has developed a completely new intake manifold for the M3. The manifold, although it has a larger volume than the original M3 collector (for greater peak power, as it is now a supercharged car), does not have a narrow profile that contributes to high air velocity to improve throttle response. In addition, new guides for each cylinder are built into the new manifold with inlet ports for tubing raised from the discharge floor, which has been proven by modeling fluid flow to reduce pressure drops within the limits, reduce the pressure drop inside the intake manifold and higher air velocities, which give them a higher peak vacuum and a faster increase in vacuum inside the collector.
Although centrifugal blowers typically show a linear power boost curve with engine speed, and then produce a small current increase in power at lower revs, the combination of this blower with a reworked intake manifold and a new setting reportedly provides over 20% increase torque on the engine ALL rpms and with an increased response.
Here it is in G-Power's own words:
Air duct: Sports air filter system, flow-optimized CAD-FEM system, optimizing re-cooling system, supporting aluminum casting air duct, large-capacity air-cooled intercooler made of aluminum cast in the front of the car, and large volume air box of aluminum casting, including 8 lightweight polyamide integral resonant induction tubes, providing an optimal throttle response and an excellent torque curve; pneumatic control, load control associated with the load on the engine; increase level approx. 4 psi rel.
The G-Power kit comes in three power ranges, corresponding to 4, 6 and 7psi pulses. The 7psi kit with full titanium exhaust can reach over 580 hp. with a great answer to the match. Last but not least, the new M3 with G-powered is capable of doing 0-124 mph 2 seconds faster than the factory M3, which at these speeds is about 20 car lengths between two cars. In addition, the G-Power with unlimited speedometer will continue to pull up to 223 miles per hour!
