Although modern cosmological ideas are not quite settled, a general paradigm has appeared. IMHO, this is quite a serious mistake, because why is there no consensus in modern cosmology, as they say in some other areas of scientific research, such as the Darwinian evolution or the standard model of particle physics. In any case, the following current cosmological paradigms (CP) are outlined, and then, if necessary, refuted by me (JP).
The CP - Big Bang event is explained by the fact that we / explain our origin (note: not the “Universe”).
JP - No problem, and there are three lines of actual observational evidence that support and support this. 1) The cosmic radiation of the microwave background; 2) chemical content of hydrogen, helium and lithium; 3) Doppler redshift, manifested by distant galaxies that link shifts to galactic distance. The greater the shift, the greater the distance.
The CP - a Big Bang event happened badly 3.8 billion years ago - give it back or take it.
JP - I have no problems with this dating.
CP - Before the Big Bang event was not.
JP - This is just an unproved statement, and there are various scenarios that postulate before the Big Bang event. I postulate that, of necessity, it must be before the Big Bang event on the grounds that, according to the First Law of Thermodynamics, matter / energy cannot be created and destroyed. After this, the Big Bang event could not create matter / energy and, therefore, matter / energy realized before the Big Bang event.
CP - Big Bang Event was a micro-size (pinhead). That is, the entire contents of our universe was clamped in a tiny amount at the beginning. This is deducted due to the fact that the rate of expansion of our Universe returns only Nano-seconds after the Big Bang event.
JP - Cosmologists cannot actually see the Embryo Universe until, after 380,000 years after the Big Bang, the events are rough. This is because the universe was too opaque to get rid of photons. This is similar to how photons in the center of our Sun simply cannot immediately run away and become famous.
In addition, there is absolutely no reason for the watch to work only on Nano-seconds after the Big Bang event. There is an expanding balloon analogy. Consider shooting an expanding balloon and calculating the rate of expansion. Then run the clock until the balloon is the size of a pinhead. You could do it, but that would be wrong and unreasonable. The same applies to the extrapolation of a nuclear or dynamite explosion back to the nanosecond after the explosion and the conclusion that the A-Bomb or dynamite stick was the size of a pinhead.
Finally, if the contents of our universe once wedged in volume the size of a pinhead, you have a feature. And although cosmologists speak of a singularity in the Big Bang event, this implies that there must have been a Mother of all Black Holes, and it could not have been a “bang”, big or otherwise. Thus, the Big Bang event occurred in a volume of space that was large enough to avoid the formation of this Mother of all black holes; the path, the path, the path is larger than the size of the pinhead.
The CP - Big Bang event created all the matter and energy of the Universe.
JP There is no way to demonstrate, even theoretically, or by using the theoretical equation (s) to create the absolute of something (matter / energy) from the state of absolute nothingness. This is absurd and prohibited by the First Law of Thermodynamics, as stated above. Matter and energy should have been realized before the Big Bang event.
CP - Big Bang event created time and space
JP - This is almost as fictitious as it turns out. Since time and space have no actual structure and do not consist of actual substance, none of them can be created except in consciousness. Time and space are just mental concepts and constructions. Now the concepts of time and space depend on the existence of matter and energy. For example, time is just a change, and change is just a movement, and something with structure and substance must exist in order for motion to exist. So, if matter and energy are exhausted before the Big Bang event, then so is the concept of time and space, again what minds assume since time and space are nonessential concepts.
CP - because the Big Bang event actually created space, there was no center for creating our Universe.
JP - The Big Bang event did not create space. Space is an immaterial mental concept of the mind. The space has no structure and does not consist of matter. Anyone who claims otherwise must really determine what kind of structure it is and what kind of substance it is. IMHO, the alternative is that the Big Bang event occurred in an already existing or previously existing space. Thus, there really is a center that exists as a center for the creation of our Universe. However, this center has now cooled to the temperature of the rest of the universe so that it can no longer be called a unique point.
In addition, the directions of all expanding galaxies in (not on) space themselves do not identify the center, since each galaxy should identify itself as a center, since all other galaxies depart from each other galaxy (local galaxy clusters, of course, accepted) .
CP - The Big Bang event created an absolute something (our Universe) from absolute nothing.
JP - This, again, is a complete violation of the First Law of Thermodynamics (noted earlier), which states that matter / energy cannot be created and destroyed. Thus, again, there was a prior, prior material existence prior to the Big Bang event.
CP - The Big Bang event, apparently, was immediately followed by a very short time of very fast inflation. Inflation is necessary to account for the various observational features of the universe. These observations focused on: 1) the horizon problem; 2) the problem of flatness and 3) the problem of monopoles
The problem of the horizon - the contact between the two regions - the problem is that if you look at the exact oppositional areas of the Universe; you tend to see almost the same thing, especially when it comes to temperature. Well, in order for things to reach equilibrium, it is required that two regions be in relative proxies, since the exchange can only occur at speeds equal to or less than the speed of light. If two opposite areas of the sky, looking deep into space, have the same temperature, it requires that these two areas are close to each other, close enough to equilibrium with the speed of light or less than the speed of light to even the conditions, Unfortunately, the distances observed between opposite points in the sky are such that homogeneity could not be possible. They are now not in contact with each other - beyond the horizon of each other. therefore, any bits of unevenness between regions that occurred in the past when they should have been preserved — and when we look deeper into space, we go back. We need some serious additional skill to achieve homogeneity between regions from the path, then (that is, immediately after the Big Bang event) to the currently observed distances.
The problem of flatness revolves around the observation that the Universe is finely tuned with respect to the density of matter and energy contained within, density, which was resolved in exactly the same plane, the Universe. In translation, the flat Universe is the one dominated by Euclidean geometry (the three angles of a triangle are up to 180 degrees). Now, if the density was greater, the Universe would be closed, like a sphere (ie, Earth), where the angles of the triangle on the surface are more than 180 degrees. If the density were less, the Universe would be an open (that is, saddle-shaped) hyperbolic Universe, where the angles of the triangle would be less than 180 degrees. If you have a potentially wide range of possible densities, it is surprising that our Universe has such a flat plane.
The problem of the monopole lies in the fact that in the conditions of the Big Bang it was necessary to create monopoles - magnets with a north pole or a south pole, but not with both. Alas, no monopoles were found and were not observed. They seem to be less likely than chicken teeth.
Well, the way to get around these problems is to offer not just the explosion of the original big bang, but the extra super-explosion that sped up the expansion of the universe, ever so short, very, very, very big factor. This secondary explosion was called "inflation." Inflation made the rate of expansion of the universe caused by the Big Bang seemed almost insignificant.
So, how does an extreme, but brief, explosion of expansion (ie, inflation) solve the problems of flatness, horizon, and monopole?
The horizon problem is solved by inflation. While the initial pre-inflation conditions of the Big Bang would provide the necessary close enough contact to achieve uniformity, areas flying apart from each other will soon acquire their own individual personalities. and be far enough away that this balance could never be restored between these regions even at the speed of light. However, this additional serious bout of inflation quickly expanded this uniformity, inflation, providing additional omf and frozen homogeneity at the distances that we see today.
The flatness problem is explained by the fact that the extremely fast inflation rate smoothes the Universe. If you are on the surface of a non-invasive balloon, you will see peaks and valleys - wrinkles. If this balloon is blown a thousand times larger, the surface will now appear flat - just like the surface of the Earth seems to be flat.
The monopole problem has been solved, because the volume of the Universe has increased thousands of times in nanoseconds in such a way that the monopoles are now scattered in an incredibly large amount, so that the chances that would be in our space region become vanishingly tiny.
JP - Inflation is just a special way to explain the various anomalies that would arise if a "explosion" had just occurred. Apart from the absence of these anomalies, there is no observational evidence that this brief burst of inflation is an additional explosion “Explosion”. Another point in dispute is what was the first: the Big Bang Event chicken or the Inflational egg? It is unclear whether any cosmological model that you accept is hanging. In addition, I never understand why you need the BOTH Big Band Event and Inflation. Why not just merge them into one short but cruel Ka-Bum.
CP - As a result of the Big Bang event creating space, the space itself expands and transports the space fleet and the style of jams with a piggyback ride.
JP A very inconvenient question: if space is a real something that has a substance, which expands space?
By the way, at the present time there is no real observation that can distinguish the fleets and the zeta of our Universe from transportation in space, and not travel and expand in space.
Further, in any case, the Michelson-Morley experiment at the end of the 19th century (1887) disproved the idea that space was something real, at the time called “ether”.
CP - Expansion rate is currently accelerating.
JP - Where does the energy for this observation come from? Increasing the amount of energy is required to increase the acceleration rate. After all, our Universe was born with a limited finite amount of matter / energy. This final amount cannot be increased, as if it was waving a magic wand.
CP - The energy for this observed acceleration is called “Dark Energy”.
JP - And no one knows what Dark Energy is. Attaching a name to something is not in itself a factual explanation of what it is or why it is and how it became.
In addition, if “Dark Energy” is all-pervasive, then “Dark Energy” must be around each of us right now. “Dark energy” should be easily accessible for on-site research - also “Dark Matter”. Both Dark Energy and Dark Matter are not only somewhere, but here, there and everywhere. Alas, this reasoning did not lead to the fact that cosmologists were something wise.
CP - Expanding space creates “Dark Energy”, and “Dark Energy” expands space, thereby creating even more “Dark Energy” in a circular pattern.
JP - This is a free lunch / something from nothing script. IMHO should be an alternative explanation explaining the rate of acceleration of the pupil of the speed of expansion of our Universe. Two things come to mind. First, astronomers / astrophysicists do not understand the type 1-A supernova, and also believe that they do. The type 1-A-supernovae was a standard candle that was used in determining the acceleration rate. Secondly, if the speed of light did not remain constant during cosmic time, this would force the monkey keys to work.
CP - the energy density of our Universe is constant, although our Universe is expanding.
JP The obvious conclusion is that something completely (energy) is constantly being created from the complete, absolutely complete violation of the first law of thermodynamics. This is a journey through a magic wand.
CP Based on current observations, it would seem that our Universe will continue to grow forever, which will lead to a historical "thermal death" or a cosmic "Big Break", where "Dark Energy" will absolutely break the entire macro down to micro levels,
JP - This is similar to what was based on current observations and understandings.
JP cosmology summation:
The main promise — the Big Bang event occurred in the pre-existing space and time and did not create matter / energy, and this was not a micro-dimensional event. (Our) Universe expands there in space, not in space.
* The container, which we call “space” (actually existing IMHO space), is distributed as infinite in all directions, as it has no chance. No matter how far you travel into space, you can travel further.
* In this infinite space, universes are born (Big blasts) and expand. In addition, all universes have the same laws, principles, and relationships inherent in our physical sciences.
* Since matter / energy cannot be created without destruction, recycling should occur at the cosmic level; on a cosmic scale, as other temporal and entropic marches and universes of the age and as good soldiers simply disappear.
* However, the problem arises that if our Universe will expand forever and ever, amen, then how will the materials in it be recycled?
* Allows you to first take a step back. There is a lot of recycling that takes place in our own universe. Many ordinary stars, even as our own Sun, spew out things - sort of take out the dustbin for a possible collection. I mean things like the solar wind and coronal mass ejections. Other stars spew more than their guts (new) or even a large number of their internal (supernova) into interstellar space. All of these extruded material contributions to an ever-increasing amount of interstellar gas / dust, which, when sufficiently enough, under the action of gravity, are compressed to give birth to new (2nd, 3rd, 4th, generation) stars. For example, our star is considered a third generation star.
* Similar to stars spewing their insides (like expanding stellar matter), we have an expanding Universe. But in infinity, what if one expanding universe begins to cross another expanding universe (s). Perhaps now the increasing density is enough to cause gravity (as in the case of interstellar gas / dust to become new stars) to position it. One gets a local contract for a quasi-big crunch. This should be quasi, since the contract should avoid the Black Hole / Singularity scenario.
* In any case, old universes, like old stars, are processed into new universes. It is true, whether through a quasi-big crunch, or even Big Bounce instead (see below), you still get a new (even if not improved) expanding universe.
Analogy:
Do the following analogy: there are four cars, each of which moves to the east, west, north and south, respectively, which leads to the intersection. The distance from the front bumper of the car to the middle of the intersection is exactly 60 miles. If all four cars move at exactly 60 miles per hour, it will be one all-powerful Ka-Boom at the intersection. Но если эти четыре машины будут перемещаться на 58, 59, 60 и 61 миль в час, на перекрестке не будет Ka-Boom. Ка-Бум - это аналогия для разрушающейся вселенной, создающей сингулярность - Мать всех Черных дыр, - и затем устранение любого возможного нового Большого взрыва. Большой хруст, который избегает создания Матери всех Черных дыр, аналогичен тому, как четыре машины, путешествующие в столь незначительно разные времена, избегали четырехсторонней аварии на пересечении.
Другая возможность заключается в том, что, если четыре автомобиля сродни супермагнетикам? Передние бамперы - положительные северные полюса, а задние бамперы - отрицательные южные полюса. Таким образом, четыре автомобиля, которые вот-вот столкнутся в Большом Крюке, не потому, что их коллективные магнитные отталкивания прекращают движение, а затем отталкивают автомобили назад и друг от друга - своего рода Большой отскок. Это может быть аналогично тому, как электроны, по-видимому, отталкиваются от срыва и попадания в ядро их атомов или схожи с принципом исключения Паули, который запрещает много электронов перебираться на одну и ту же орбиту.
